Thursday, December 6, 2012

Underground chain reaction led to Iceland eruption | Reduction

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Underground chain reaction led to Iceland eruption

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From the initial eruptive activity at Eyjafjallajokull volcano in 2010, that was a lava producing eruption 20 March - 12 April, preceding the explosive eruption. View of the eruptive fissure on March 25, 2010.  / University of Iceland,Thorsteinn Jonsson The eruptions of Iceland's volcano Eyjafjallajokull in 2010 were apparently triggered by a chain reaction of expanding magma chambers that descended into the Earth, a group of researchers now says. After nearly two centuries of dormancy, Eyjafjallajokull (AYA-feeyapla-yurkul) erupted many times over the course of 10 weeks. These outbursts spewed a huge plume of ash that generated extraordinary lightning displays, colored sunsets a fiery redacross much of Europe and forced widespread flight cancellations for days. The eruptions began in 2010 when a fissure opened on the flank of Eyjafjallajokull in March, revealing that it was inflating with magma.

People:

Jon Tarasewicz

Overall Sentiment: 0.119005

Relevance: 0.794047

SentimentQuote
0.197889"We often think about eruptions as being controlled entirely from below by the supply of fresh magma from below -- that is, the pressure caused by new magma rising buoyantly is what determines whether it erupts or not," Tarasewicz told
0.144776"We often think about eruptions as being controlled entirely from below by the supply of fresh magma from below -- that is, the pressure caused by new magma rising buoyantly is what determines whether it erupts or not," Tarasewicz told OurAmazingPlanet. "We don't often consider how that driving force might be affected by changes from above."
-0.0812568"It's novel to have been able to match the deep seismic observations to big changes in the eruption rate at the surface," Tarasewicz continued. ...
-0.0778051"It's novel to have been able to match the deep seismic observations to big changes in the eruption rate at the surface," Tarasewicz continued. "In this case, it seems the volcanic plumbing system at depth responded to changes near the surface, rather than vice versa."
-0.183764"There are several examples around the world of volcanoes that are thought to have more than one magma chamber, stacked at different depths beneath the volcano," Tarasewicz said. ...
-0.0391573"There are several examples around the world of volcanoes that are thought to have more than one magma chamber, stacked at different depths beneath the volcano," Tarasewicz said. "Understanding the pressure linkage and feedback between different magma storage reservoirs may help us to understand why some volcanoes like Eyjafjallajokull have prolonged eruptions with episodic surges in eruption rate."
0.153874Tarasewicz cautioned, "we are still not in a position to be able to predict accurately in advance when, or if, a volcano is going to erupt."
Sentiment Stats:
  • Number of Quotes: 7
  • Aggregate Sentiment: 0.1145558
  • Mean: 0.016365114285714
  • Standard Deviation: 0

Jonsson

Overall Sentiment: -0.0577241

Relevance: 0.493295

Krafla

Overall Sentiment: 0.231123

Relevance: 0.361458

Key:

  • Aggregate Sentiment is meant to be an indicator of an individual's overall sentiment.
  • The Mean is meant to be an indicator of an individual's average comment sentiment.
  • The Standard Deviation, when there are enough quotes, will indicate an individual's consistency of sentiment (i.e. a Standard Deviation of 0 would mean they were very consistent in their sentiment and 1 would mean they were very inconsistent).

Note that quote stats are likely to be meaningless beyond the aggregate score due to the tiny sample size. However, they are always provided just in case you find something useful there.

Additional Info:

Organization: University of Iceland

Overall Sentiment: -0.106031

Relevance: 0.596373

Disambiguation: Location | Facility | CollegeUniversity | UniversityReferences:

Organization: University of Cambridge

Overall Sentiment: 0.32889

Relevance: 0.405534

Country: Iceland

Overall Sentiment: -0.13737

Relevance: 0.80955

Disambiguation: Location | GeographicFeature | AdministrativeDivision | GovernmentalJurisdiction | IslandReferences:

Country: England

Overall Sentiment: 0.164739

Relevance: 0.394388

Disambiguation: Location | PoliticalDistrict | AdministrativeDivision | GovernmentalJurisdictionReferences:

Continent: Europe

Overall Sentiment: 0.046724

Relevance: 0.468425

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